From: Experimental animal models for diabetes and its related complications—a review
Diabetic complications | Animal Model | Characterization | References |
---|---|---|---|
Diabetic neuropathy | STZ induced rat model | Reduced fibre size of the peroneal nerve and axon than that of the myelin sheath with impaired motor function | [139] |
C57BL/KS (db/db) mice | Decreased sensory nerve conduction velocity and density of intraepidermal nerve fibers (IENF) | [140] | |
Ischemic reperfusion injury model | Decreased serum IL-10 level and nerve conduction velocity and nerve fibre density | [141] | |
Chinese Hamster | Reduced conduction velocity | [142] | |
Obese Rh Monkey | Reduced conduction velocity and prolonged duration of F-wave latencies | [143] | |
Diabetic nephropathy | NOD mice | Enlarged glomeruli and mesangial sclerosis | [146] |
C57BL/6 | Albuminuria and reduced renal functions | [147] | |
GK rat | Thickening of glomeruli leading to glomerular hypertrophy | [148] | |
Zucker diabetic fatty rat | Glomerulosclerosis, tubulointerstitial fibrosis and renal hypertrophy | [149] | |
Zebra fish | Over expression of CIN85/RukL causing edema | [150] | |
Diabetic retinopathy | Alloxan induced model | Microaneurysms with increased acellular capillaries | [153] |
Akita mice | Decreased number of amacrine and ganglion cells | [154] | |
db/db mouse | Reduced number of Retinal ganglion cells with thickened retina | [153] | |
Surgical model | Formation of proliferative and contractile cellular membranes in the retina | [155] | |
Zebra fish | Degradation and thinning of retina | [156] | |
Diabetic cardiomyopathy | Alloxan induced model | Formation of advanced glycation end products leading to oxidative stress | [158] |
BB rats | Reduced calcium—stimulated ATPase activity and cardiac contractility | [159] | |
OLETF rats | Alteration in left ventricular diastolic function | [161] | |
STZ induced model | Fibrosis and apoptosis leading to myocardial damage | [162] | |
GK rats | Hyperglycemia, hyperlipidaemia and cardiac cell death | [163] |