Fig. 3

BG levels at each diagnosis moment in Part I. Average BG levels are presented as mean ± SD on the right, analyzed using Tukey’s multiple comparison of ANOVA test. All statistical significances are indicated on the right: one asterisk (*) for p value < 0.05 and two asterisks (**) for p value < 0.01. Symbols remain consistent with previous figures, and group labels are displayed on the y-axis. In instances where the 1st UG + and 1st BG + are identified on the same day (similarly for 2nd BG + and cBG+), they share the same BG level, represented as vertical lines. The average BG level at the 1st UG + moment is found to be comparable to that at the 1st BG + moment but significantly lower than the levels at the 2nd BG + and cBG + moments, indicating a gradual increasing trend. The BG level of mice confirmed at the cBG + moment is measured at 383 ± 74 mg/dl, representing a definitive onset of newly diagnosed diabetes